Mechanisms And Mechanical Devices Sourcebook.pdf

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CONTENTS
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CHAPTER 1 MOTION CONTROL SYSTEMS
Motion Control Systems Overview
Glossary of Motion Control Terms
High-Speed Gearheads Improve Small Servo Performance
Modular Single-Axis Motion Systems
Mechanical Components Form Specialized Motion-Control Systems
Servomotors, Stepper Motors, and Actuators for Motion Control
Servosystem Feedback Sensors
Solenoids and Their Applications
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CHAPTER 2 ROBOT MECHANISMS
Industrial Robots
FANUC Robot Specifications
Mechanism for Planar Manipulation With Simplified Kinematics
Tool-Changing Mechanism for Robot
Piezoelectric Motor in Robot Finger Joint
Six-Degree-of-Freedom Parallel Minimanipulator
Self-Reconfigurable, Two-Arm Manipulator With Bracing
Improved Roller and Gear Drives for Robots and Vehicles
All-Terrain Vehicle With Self-Righting and Pose Control
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CHAPTER 3 PARTS-HANDLING MECHANISMS
Mechanisms That Sort, Feed, or Weigh
Cutting Mechanisms
Flipping Mechanisms
Vibrating Mechanism
Seven Basic Parts Selectors
Eleven Parts-Handling Mechanisms
Seven Automatic-Feed Mechanisms
Seven Linkages for Transport Mechanisms
Conveyor Systems for Production Machines
Traversing Mechanisms for Winding Machines
Vacuum Pickup Positions Pills
Machine Applies Labels from Stacks or Rollers
High-Speed Machines for Adhesive Applications
Automatic Stopping Mechanisms for Faulty Machine Operation
Electrical Automatic Stopping Mechanisms
Automatic Safety Mechanisms for Operating Machines
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CHAPTER 4 RECIPROCATING AND GENERAL-PURPOSE
MECHANISM
Gears and Eccentric Disk Combine in Quick Indexing
Timung Belts, Four-Bar Linkage Team Up for Smooth Indexing
Modified Ratchet Drive
Odd Shapes in Planetary Give Smooth Stop and Go
Cycloid Gear Mechanism Controls Stroke of Pump
Converting Rotary-to-Linear Motion
New Star Wheels Challenge Geneva Drives for Indexing
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Geneva Mechanisms
Modified Geneva Drives
Indexing and Intermittent Mechanisms
Rotary-to-Reciprocating Motion and Dwell Mechanisms
Friction Devices for Intermittent Rotary Motion
No Teeth on These Ratchets
Cam-Controlled Planetary Gear System
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CHAPTER 5 SPECIAL-PURPOSE MECHANISMS
Nine Different Ball Slides for Linear Motion
Ball-Bearing Screws Convert Rotary to Linear Motion
Three-Point Gear/Leadscrew Positioning
Unique Linkage Produces Precise Straight-Line Motion
Twelve Expanding and Contracting Devices
Five Linkages for Straight-Line Motion
Linkage Ratios for Straight-Line Mechanisms
Linkages for Other Motions
Five Cardan-Gear Mechanisms
Ten Ways to Change Straight-Line Direction
Nine More Ways to Change Straight-Line Direction
Linkages for Accelerating and Decelerating Linear Strokes
Linkages for Multiplying Short Motions
Parallel-Link Mechanisms
Stroke Multiplier
Force and Stroke Multipliers
Stroke-Amplifying Mechanisms
Adjustable-Stroke Mechanisms
Adjustable-Output Mechanisms
Reversing Mechanisms
Computing Mechanisms
Eighteen Variations of Differential Linkage
Space Mechanisms
Seven Popular Types of Three-Dimensional Drives
Inchworm Actuator
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CHAPTER 6 SPRING, BELLOW, FLEXURE, SCREW, AND
BALL DEVICES
Flat Springs in Mechanisms
Pop-Up Springs Get New Backbone
Twelve Ways to Put Springs to Work
Overriding Spring Mechanisms for Low-Torque Drives
Spring Motors and Typical Associated Mechanisms
Flexures Accurately Support Pivoting Mechanisms and Instruments
Taut Bands and Leadscrew Provide Accurate Rotary Motion
Air Spring Mechanisms
Obtaining Variable Rates from Springs
Belleville Springs
Spring-Type Linkage for Vibration Control
Twenty Screw Devices
Ten Ways to Employ Screw Mechanisms
Seven Special Screw Arrangements
Fourteen Adjusting Devices
Linear Roller Bearings Are Suited for High-Load, Heavy-Duty Tasks
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CHAPTER 7 CAM, TOGGLE, CHAIN, AND BELT MECHANISMS
Cam Basics
Cam-Curve Generating Mechanisms
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Fifteen Ideas for Cam Mechanisms
Special-Function Cams
Cam Drives for Machine Tools
Toggle Linkage Applications in Different Mechanisms
Sixteen Latch, Toggle, and Trigger Devices
Six Snap-Action Mechanisms
Eight Snap-Action Devices
Applications of the Differential Winch to Control Systems
Six Applications for mechanical Power Amplifiers
Variable-Speed Belt and Chain Drives
Getting in Step With Hybrid Belts
Change Center Distance Without Affecting Speed Ratio
Motor Mount Pivots for Controlled Tension
Bushed Roller Chains and Their Adaptations
Six Ingenious Jobs for Roller Chain
Six More Jobs for Roller Chain
Mechanisms for Reducing Pulsations in Chain Drives
Smoother Drive Without Gears
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CHAPTER 8 GEARED SYSTEMS AND VARIABLE-SPEED
MECHANISMS
Gears and Gearing
Nutating-Plate Drive
Cone Drive Needs No Gears or Pulleys
Variable-Speed Mechanical Drives
Unidirectional Drive
More Variable-Speed Drives
Variable-Speed Friction Drives
Variable-Speed Drives and Transmissions
Precision Ball Bearings Replace Gears in Tiny Speed Reducers
Multifunction Flywheel Smoothes Friction in Tape Cassette Drive
Controlled Differential Drives
Twin-Motor Planetary Gears Provide Safety Plus Dual-Speed
Harmonic-Drive Speed Reducers
Flexible Face-Gears Make Efficient High-Reduction Drives
Compact Rotary Sequencer
Planetary Gear Systems
Noncircular Gears
Sheet-Metal Gears, Sprockets, Worms, and Ratchets
How to Prevent Reverse Rotation
Gear-Shift Arrangements
Shifting Mechanisms for Gears and Clutches
Fine-Focus Adjustments
Ratchet-Tooth Speed-Change Drive
Twinworm Gear Drive
Compliant Gearing for Redundant Torque Drive
Lighter, More-Efficient Helicopter Transmissions
Worm Gear With Hydrostatic Engagement
Straddle Design of Spiral Bevel and Hypoid Gears
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CHAPTER 9 COUPLING, CLUTCHING, AND BRAKING DEVICES
Coupling of Parallel Shafts
Novel Linkage Couples Offset Shafts
Disk-and-Link Coupling Simplifies Transmissions
Interlocking Space-Frames Flex as They Transmit Shaft Torque
Off-Center Pins Cancel Misalignment of Shafts
Hinged Links and Torsion Bushings Give Drives a Soft Start
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Universal Joint Relays Power 45° at Constant Speeds
Basic Mechanical Clutches
Spring-Wrapped Slip Clutches
Controlled-Slip Concept Adds New Uses for Spring Clutches
Spring Bands Grip Tightly to Drive Overrunning Clutch
Slip and Bidirectional Clutches Combine to Control Torque
Walking Pressure Plate Delivers Constant Torque
Conical-Rotor Motor Provides Instant Clutching or Braking
Fast-Reversal Reel Drive
Seven Overrunning Clutches
Spring-Loaded Pins aid Sprags in One-Way Clutch
Roller-Type Clutch
One-Way Output From Speed Reducers
Springs, Shuttle Pinion, and Sliding Ball Perform in One-Way Drives
Details of Overriding Clutches
Ten Ways to Apply Overrunning Clutches
Applications for Sprag-Type Clutches
Small Mechanical Clutches for Precise Service
Mechanisms for Station Clutches
Twelve Applications for Electromagnetic Clutches and Brakes
Trip Roller Clutch
Geared Electromechanical Rotary Joint
Ten Universal Shaft Couplings
Methods for Coupling Rotating Shafts
Linkages for Band Clutches and Brakes
Special Coupling Mechanisms
Link Coupling Mechanisms
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CHAPTER 10 TORQUE-LIMITING, TENSIONING, AND
GOVERNING DEVICES
Caliper Brakes Help Maintain Proper Tension in Press Feed
Sensors Aid Clutch/Brakes
Warning Device Prevents Overloading of Boom
Constant Watch on Cable Tension
Torque-Limiters Protect Light-Duty Drives
Limiters Prevent Overloading
Seven Ways to Limit Shaft Rotation
Mechanical Systems for Controlling Tension and Speed
Drives for Controlling Tension
Switch Prevents Overloading of a Hoist
Mechanical, Geared, and Cammed Limit Switches
Limit Switches in Machinery
Automatic Speed Governors
Centrifugal, Pneumatic, Hydraulic, and Electric Governors
Speed Control Devices for Mechanisms
Floating-Pinion Torque Splitter
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CHAPTER 11 PNEUMATIC AND HYDRAULIC MACHINE AND
MECHANISM CONTROL
Designs and Operating Principles of Typical Pumps
Rotary-Pump Mechanisms
Mechanisms Actuated by Pneumatic or Hydraulic Cylinders
Foot-Controlled Braking System
Linkages Actuate Steering in a Tractor
Fifteen Jobs for Pneumatic Power
Ten Ways to Use Metal Diaphragms and Capsules
Differential Transformer Sensing Devices
High-Speed Counters
Designing With Permanent Magnets
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