shape6.pdf

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72
Shape Up!
Chapter Six
Blocking Off
6.1 Open skirts and crawling plays
Plays on the fourth line are much used in modern go, despite the
open skirt
they leave on the second line. They emphasise influence over territory.
Proper shape to block off is essential, since attacking play alone isn’t enough.
White has slid under a fourth line play. How should the game continue?
8
4
6
1 5
7 3
2
Black normally plays back with a diagonal at 1. Then the onus is on White
to make good shape. The ‘odd diagonal’ at 4 is appropriate, once Black has
answered 2 with 3. It looks to make good eye shape at 5. If Black denies
White the chance as shown, White 6 and 8 ensure White reasonable shape.
Chapter Six Blocking Off
73
1
A
2
3
4
It is a novice’s mistake to jump in at 2 in this sort of position. The territory
on the edge is less important than eye shape, until the endgame. Black 5 is
strong, and White is left with a weakness at A.
5
8
2
3 7
4
1
5
6
Another mistake is to take violent action with Black 1, to shut off the edge.
White will normally be quite happy to sacrifice on the right, to gain a
ponnuki
and safety for a group on the left inside Black’s former framework.
3
1
4
2
If the situation demands it, Black can block White’s progress on the second
line. As shown here, Black has little chance of attacking White’s group,
which has strengthened itself by plays on the right. It therefore makes sense
to treat the marked stone lightly with 1 and 3. Black is content with securing
the left-hand corner, in
sente.
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Shape Up!
6.2 Moles and submarines
A
B C
1
1
Unsupported plays on the second line, such as White 1, A, B or C in the left-
hand diagram, have been called ‘submarine plays’ in English. They range
from trick plays to proper invasion techniques. The Japanese say ‘mole’ or
‘hem’ plays, the latter for plays like Black 1 on the edge of the skirt
(right).
1
3
2
4
8
1 3 5
2 4 6
7
(Left)
Playing from above builds strong shape, and keeps Black low.
(Right)
Running back with a knight’s move constructs influence, but costs territory.
17
14 12
13
18
11
8
6
10
9
15
1
4
5
16
2
3
7
3
4
2
1
The diagonal play
(left)
can lead to sharp tactics. Black could escape with
10 at 15, having only a false eye from capturing White 1; Black 10 here is a
novel idea. Note the play 7, reaching further than a solid connection would.
(Right)
Confrontation with White 1 relies on 2 being a failure. When White
3 is a good idea Black presumably plays 2 at 4 immediately. (Cf. 4.9.)
Chapter Six Blocking Off
75
5
2 4
1 3
1
2
With this other play aiming at the open skirt of a 4-4 point, Black has room
for a comfortable life in the corner
(left).
White will usually defend it
(right).
C
A
D
3
2 4
5 1
6
B
1
2
3
A
4
B
5
White can also play in contact.
(Left)
Black is close to life, next playing A
or B. White has an option to play 3 at 4 in this line (cf.15.1).
(Right)
White
tries to make Black heavy with the diagonal attachment at 1. Black’s proper
move here is to play 2 at 3; taking the outside risks a heavy group. After 5
Black chooses between A, B and C.
Atari
at D is to be avoided, for the sake
of possibilities in the corner.
A
3
2
1
It is rare for the approach 1 in this diagram to be good; but in this context it
seems to be right. After Black 1, Black at A in the corner would be efficient,
so White 2 blocks the way. But then Black 3 combines attack and defence
perfectly, putting the marked White stone’s safety in question.
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Shape Up!
6.3 Half-blocking plays
1
B
A
15
2
5
4 2
1
14 16
7
6
3
8
9
13
11
10 12
Threats to block off are an important class of practical plays. They often
count as
almost sente:
having a major follow-up. In the position shown on
the left, White 1 aims firstly at A, and then when Black responds at 2, leaves
some residual possibilities at B.
(Right)
This Black 1 is a mistake.
1
A
x
x
2
1
x
Sometimes the diagonal White 1
(left)
gains more influence than the simple
bend, one point to the left. But in this case White gives up most of the
chances of a later play at A. The follow-up at 1
(right)
would have to
combine with other stones near the ‘x’ points, to justify this choice.
3
1
2
8
6
7
5
3
1
2
4
The knight’s move White 1 here can be thought of as a central strategy.
Black probably slides to 2
(left).
Cutting
(right)
should turn out to be an
overplay, since after 4, 6 and 8 Black has to take good care of the corner.

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