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VolumeS
Issue
54
CONTENTS
Modern
Support
Vessels
'Protecteut'
class
replenishment
fleet
oiler
'Durance'
class
underway replenishment
tanker
'Poolste/
class
fast
combat support ship
'Rhein' class
depot ship
1062
r062
1063
1063
Consultant
Editor:
Major
General Sir
Jeremy Moore
KCB OBE
MC, Comman-
der
of
British
Land
Forces
during
the
Falklands campaign.
13849
TheUStleetTrain
'Yellow$one' and
'Samuel
ftmpers'
class
de$royertenders
'Kilauea'
I064
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1066
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1068
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TheSovietSupportShip
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David Breed
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oiler
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ftice
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t076
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Support in the
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Armed
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Cm {tql
lS
!{ary.
l-L
@yUS
t\bvy.
t062:
US
Navy/ECp
Am6e.
IO6it;
MARS, Lincs, t064r
US
f.iar-y.
fG
ItS
IkrflE
ltarf.
fe
US
l,IavyruS Navy.
t06t:
US
NaWruS
Navy/US
Nary.
tO68: US
NavyruS
l{avy.
lE
IIS
liryr"tlS
l{aryIE f€vy. l0l2:
US
Navy/MARS, LincVUS Navy. 10t3:
US
NaWruS
NaVuS
Nayy-
f.lt
US
lSavFltASS
llt*
tE
Navy/MARS, LineVUS
NaW. t0Z6:
US
Navy/US
Navy. l0Z?:
Roydl
Nayy^toD-
lartRofallkrv.
latg(ar)
tieutemtKP.
\iYhne'Royal
llav,vRo-nl
ltrf
vfhite.
loSor
Irieutenat
K.p.
wlire/Lieuremrap.
Cnh
US
Air
Force.
(iv):
US
Air
ForceruS
Air
Force.
Suppot
velsels
is
not
a
new concept,
aund
many
naval
operations of
World
War
II
could
not
have
takenplace
without
it. Today,
with
the
aS
Narry
operating
worldwide
and
as
a result
of
conllict
in
the South
Atlantic,
the support
ship
k
asimportantasevet.
ResryDly at
sea
Modern auxiliary
shrps
are
usually
divided
into
two broad
categories:
ihe underway replenishment
(UNREP)
ship
designed
to
carry
out the
direct support
of surface combat forces
in the forward
area of opera-
tions,
and the fleet support ship
which
as its
primary
functlon
provides
maintenance
and
related services
to
naval forces
at
advanced
bases
and
home
ports
with
limrted
resources,
To
supplement these types in
war-
ime,
there
would be
a
wide variety
oi merchant ships requisitioned
to
'.mdertake
speclflc
tasks
in direct
support
of
fleet operations,
A
classic
example of this last facet
is the
1982
Falklands
War
when
without
the
relp
of
50
merchant ships
the
Royal
Navy could not have supported
a
:ask
force,
let
alone have undertaken an amphibious
assault
of
the
nagnitude required
to
rgcapture
a
number
of islands
12875
km
(8,000
mles)
from
its home
ports,
It should
be noted, however,
that most
of
the
:nalor
sea
powers
in the
world
today
can
call
on
reserves
of
commercial
shipping
for such tasks, the Soviet Navy
having
the
unquestloning
obedi-
ence
of
the immense
Soviet
merchant fleet,
wherever
it
rs
found
on
the
seas,
However, since the Falklands
war
both the
Royal
Fleet
Auxtliary
and
the
Brrtlsh merchant
marine
have
sulfered
cutbacks
for
economy
reasons, and
it
is
a
moot
polnt whether
a
task
force support
train
of
similar
IfteRFA
Blue Rover
(A270)
takes
part inareplenishment-at-sea(RAS)
during
the
Falklands
operction.
Tfie Blue Rover
was
the
only
one
of her
class
to
serve
in
the Total
Ex clus
ion
Z
one,
and
ap
ar
t
from
RAS
dulies
sft e
supp lie
d
fuel and
ammunition
to
the
army
from
San
Carlos
Water
between
I
June
and
22June.
The
US
Navy
in
the meantime is
grradualiy
strenqthemng its support
and
UNREP
force
to
be able
to
supply
the
600-ship
level projected
in
current
construction
plans. To meet the unique requirements of
the
carrier
battle groups the
US
Navy
has
desigrned
several specialist
clas-
ses
of
UNREP
ships
that
combine
the
capabilities
of
several older
designs
rn
one
hu1l,
Such
ships form the
basis of
UNREP groups
with
their
own escort ships and
will
be
the
linchpin
of any future
war
at
sea,
ior
without
constant
resupply
the
warships wrll
not
fight effectively,
By
contrast
the
expansion
of Soviet Naval
power
has
not
been match-
ed
by
a
correspondlng increase
in UNREP
capability, Although support,
salvage and
engineering
vessels are in service in
some
numbers, only
the Berezrna approaches
US
replenishment
standards,
Supplying
the
US
carrier
battle
groups
is
a
formidable
task
requiring
a
large
number
of
replenishment
ships. The
US
Navy plans
to
be able to supply up to
five
task
forces
simr:ltaneously,
deployed
from the Pacific
to
the
Mediterranean.
-k
could be formed
again,
m
liltit""teur'
class
replenishment
fleet
oiler
licence-built
Sikorsky
SH-3
Sea
King
ASW
helicopters.
These
can
be used
as
spare
aircraft
by anASW
hunter-
killer
task
group
as
well as
being
able
to
provide
vertical
replenishment
of
ammunition,
dry
stores
The
C
anadian
N
aw
replenishment
ship HMCS
*esewer
(AOR
510)
is
equipped
to
cany
up
to
three
improvement
on that of the
prototype
HMCS
Proyrder (AOR
508)
The
two
ships have
been given the
US AOR
(replenishment
fleet
oiler)
designa-
tion, and
have
four
replenishment-at-
sea
stations,
one elevator
aft
of
the
navigatron
bridge,
hvo l5-ton capacity
cranes
on the
aft
deck,
and
a
large
helicopter hanqar and
flight deck
at
the stern, The cargo capacity
ls
13,100
tons of
fuel oil,
600
tons of diesel,
400
tons
of
aviation fuel,
1,250
tons
of
muni-
In
desigm
the 'Proteclew'
class
is
an
group.
andfuelto
the
ships
ofthe
tions
and
1,048
tons
of
dry
cargo/
spares
and refrigerated
provisions.
The aircraft
hangar/flight
deck
area
can
be
used
either for
spare
task
located
at
the bow in the
eyes of the
ship.
This
positioning
has
proved
to
be
precarious,
mountings having been
washed
away on
sevei'al
occasions.
grroup
ASW
helicopters or
for
mtlitary
vehicles
and
bulk equipment
for
sealift
operations, If
required
HMCS
Protec-
leur
(AOR
509)
and
HMCS
Preserver
(AOR
5I0)
can also
serve
as
limited-
capacity amphibious
assault
transports
with
room
for
50
or
more troops serv-
ing
in the
commando role.
Four
LCVPs
are
carried
as
part
of
each ship's boat
complement.
The
sole armament is
a
twin
76-mm (3-in)
Mk
33
DP
qnrn
mount
The Preseruer compieted
a midlife
refit
in
1982,
whilst
her
sjster ship
is
due
to
undergo
such
a
reflt
in the near
fuhrre, Both ships
were laid
down in
October
1967,
and
commissioned in
August
1969
and July
1970
respective:
ly,
24,700 tons
tulIload
Specification
'Protecteut'
class
Type:
replenishment fleet orler
Displacement:
8,380
tons
light and
Dimensions:length
171.9
m
(564 ft);
beam
23.2
m
(76 ft);
draught
9,
I
m
(30
ft)
Propulsion: l-shaft geared steam
turbine dehverinq
21,000
shp
(15660
Armament:one twin
?6-mm (3-in) DP
Qnln
Aircraft: three
Srkorsky CH-
124
Sea
Kinghelicopters
Electronics:
one Decca TM969
navrgation
radar,
one
Sperry Mk
2
navigation radar,
one URN-20 Tacan,
one
SQS-505
hullsonar
Complement:
227+
57
passengrers
kW)
Speed:21 kts
Given
the
IJS
Navy
AOR
designation,
the
'Protecteur'
class can
carry diesel
and
aviation
fuel
in
addition tofuel
oil.
Unusually,
it
also
carriesfour
LCYPs,
and can
accommodateupto
50
troops for
commando operations.
+
lr
iffi"n"e'
class
underway
replenishment
tanker
wili
be
able to
operate as
flagships
capable of
carryirq
a
Maritime.
Zone
staffand
a
commando troop
of
up
to
45
men; for this the forward
superstruc-
ture
has
been extended aft
by
B
m
(26,25
ft)
and the tvro
beam-mounted
cranes abaft the
bridge replaced
by
a
sinqle
centreline
crane.
T\ro modifled
units, HMASSuccess (AOR
0l)
and
an
unnamed
ship
(AOR
02)
are
on
order
for the
Royal
Australian Navy (the for-
Currently
in
production
for
several
navies
the'Durance'class
is
named
as
a
P6trolier Ravitailleur
d'Escadre
and
Yunbou have been
built for
the
Saudi
Arabian
navy,
and
commis-
(PRE)
by
the French Navy. There are
hvo
port
and two
starboard solid,4iqurd
in
1984,
Both sub-classes have
drfferent cargo capacities
to
the
sioned
French
ships.
(33 8
ft)
Propulsion:
2-shaft
diesels
delivering
20,000
shp
(14,914
kW)
tions, one on each beam having
a
heavy
transfer capability,
A
stern re-
fuelhng position
is
also provrded
so
that
up
to three ships may
be
simul-
taneously
refuelled, Vertical
reple-
nishment
(VERTREP)
operations
are
cargo underway replenishment
posi-
Specification
'Durance'class
Type: underway replemshment
tanker
Displacement:
7,600
tons
liqht and
17,800
tons
full
load
Dimensions:lenqth
157.3
m
(516,
I
ft);
beam2l,2
m(69.5
ft);
draught
10.3
m
Speed:
19
kts
Armament:
two
4O-mm
AA
quns,
except Meuse
one 40-mm
AA
and
tvuo
20-mmAAgmns
Aircraft:
one
A6rospatiale Alouette
III
helicopter
Electronics:
one
navlgation radar,
one
SATCOMM communications system
Complement:
150
except
Tarand
unnamed vessel
250
mer to
be
commissioned
in
1987),
caried
out
by
the
embarked light
he[-
tons
offuel
orl, 4,020
tonsof diesel,
1,
whilst
tlivo
further ships, lhe Boraida
copter,
The
Meuse (A
607)
was com-
misstoned
in
1980
and can
carry
5,090
140
tons
of
TRS
aviatlon
fuel,
250 tons
of
fresh
water,
I20 tons
of
munitions,
180
tons
of
vrctuals
and
45 tons
of
fleet
Durance
(A
629
commissioned
in
1976)
and an
unnamed
vessei (to be
commissioned
in
1986)
can
each
carry
7,500 tons
of
tuel
oil,
1,
500
tons of
diesel,
500
tors
of TR5,
130
tons
of
fresh
water,
150
tons of munitions,
170
tons of vrc-
tuals
and
50
tons of
fleet
spares.
Both
the Var and the
unnamed
fourth
unit
spares whilst the other three
units,
the
Var (A
608,
commissioned
in
1982),
I
97
5.
Durance was
ffi e
first
of a class of
four
for
the
French navy. Two have
been
built
for
Saudi
Arabia,
and two
are
under
construction for theRoyal
AustralianNavy.
1062
Launch picture
of
Durance,
taken
in
aommissioned in
I
976,
rl
--
Tlri
NiTl:R
A\-)s
'Poolster' class
fast
combat
support
ship
Specification
'Poolster'class
Type:
fast
combat
support ship
Displacement:
l6
836
tons
full
load
Dimensions:length
169.6
m
(556,4 ft);
beam
20.3
m
(66.6 ft);
draught
8.2
m
(26 9
ft)
Modern
Support Vessels
Essentially
a fast
combat support ship
design,
the
Poolster
(A835)
is
also
cap-
able of taking
part in
anti-submarine
warfare operations with
a
hunter-killer
qrroup
by operattng and supporting up
to
flve ASW helicopters with weapons
and
other
supplies.
She
was commis-
sioned
in
1964,
and
her cargo capacity
s
10,300
tons,
of
which
8,000
tons
is
devoted
to
liquid
fuel
products
wrth
the
rest
comprising
fresh
water,
munitions,
quired,
she can also
carry
300
marines
for short dlstances
as an assault
trans-
port. In the
early
1970s
an
'lmproved
Poolster' class
unit was
built
as
the
Zuiderkruis
(A832) and
commissioned
in
1975,
Like
her predecessor
she has
Propulsion:
-shaft
geared steam
turbines
delivering
22,000
shp
1
(16405
kW)
fleet
spares
and other
stores,
If
re-
Speed:21
kts
Armament:
two
single
40-mm
AA
gmns,
and two depth-chargre
racks
Aircraft: between
one and
five
parts and other stores.
Tbro
more ves-
sels of this
modifled design are
plan-
ned for the late
1980s,
one to
replace
the
Pooisler and the other to
support
the
Dutch
navy's
third ASW group,
Un-
usually
for
vesseis
of
this type,
the
shrps
carry
depth charges
as
part of
thefu
armament
outfit.
amrdships
and one
constant tension
slidrng-stay
solid cargo
transfer point
per
srde
forward, Her cargo
capacity
ts 9,000
tons
of
liquid
fuel
products,
400
tons
of
TRS
aviation
fuel,
200 tons
of
fresh
water, plus
munitions, spare
two
fuelling
stations
per
side
Westland
SH-
14
Lyrx helicopters
Electronics:
one ZW-04
atr-search
radar,
one
Kelvin Hughes
1419
naviqation radar,
one passive
ECM
suite, hvo Corvus
chafflaunchers, one
CWE-610 hull sonar
Complement:
185
Specification
'Improved
Poolster' class
Tlpe:
fast
combat support ship
Displacement:
I
7,
357
tons
full
load
Dimensions: Ienglh
171.I
m (561,4 ft);
beam
20,3 m (66.6 ft);
draught
8.2
m
(26
e
ft)
Propulsion: l-shaft diesels
delivering
21,000
shp
(15660
kW)
Speed:2i
kts
Armament:hvo single
20-mm AAgmns,
and two depth-chargre
racks
Aircraft: behveen
one and
five
Westland
SH-
l4 Lynx helicopters
Electronics:
two
Decca
1226
navigation
radars, one passive
ECM
suite, nvo Corrrus chaff
launchers
Complement:
185
1"1
1
uniqueinNATO
navies
inhaving
an
ASW
armamentof depthcharges
to
gowith
a
helicopter group
of
up to
tive Westland
Lynx
ASll/
helicopters.
Tfte
storessfie carries include
Iigh
tweight
torpedoes
and
the
helicopters.
^filViMS
Zuiderkruis,
a
?oolsler'
cjass
Ias
t
combat
sup
port
ship
(AB
3
2
)
is
conventional
depth
bombs
for
use
by
I
,ri'.$,
F
r;ii
l
Ml
"_
.*,.
e-Lf
l
..-i,.
f'
apable
of
carrying
fr
es
h
water and
various
dry
stores
in
addition
to
liquid
tuel
products, the'Poolster'
C
t,
@
one sliding stay
transfer point and
two
fue
lling
stalrbns
per
side.
li*1?:1
::-
:
!4ll:.+-,,1
j:ri
@..i:tr::::-j=
class can
transfer
stores
by
means
of
tbg
@
HiJ#class
depot
ship
Type
401
Ruftr) and the
Soku//a
Mehmet
PaEa
(ex-Type
402
lser)
were
given to
T\rrkey,
whilst the thrrd
unit,
the,{egeon
(ex-T\7pe 4Ol lAleser)
was
transferred to Greece,
The
two
Type
403
submarine
tenderstrech andLahn
do
not
carry
the
two
characteristic
single
100-mm (3,9-in)
qmns
of
the rest
of the
class,
which
allow
those
units
to
operate
in
place
of
frigates,
but
instead
have
200
tons of stores and spares,
200
tons of
fuel and
40
spare torpedoes for
therr submarrnes The
Neckar, Werra
and Donau can
also
funcuon
as
training
vessels
if required.
All
13
shrps
were
Criginally totalling
l3
vessels,
the
'Rftein' class
of depot ships is
subdi-
'.nded
into
three
groups: the Type
401
-or
missile
and
torpedo
attack craft,
the
Type
402
for mine
countermeasures
';essels,
and the Type
403
for
sub-
:rarines.
Each
group
differs in overall
,engrth,
machinery
flt and
cargo capac-
-ry.
At present the West German navy
:nly
has
1O
of
the
class
in service, The
-ype
401
units are
the
ftiein
(A
55)
Elbe (A
6\),
Main (A
63),
IVeckar
(A
:3)
Werra (A
68) and
Donau (A
69);
.ie
T\7pe 402
ships
are
the
Saar (A
65)
Type
'rits
are the.Laftn (A
58)
and,6ecft
403
(A
:3)
The ships
were all
commissioned
Rieln'cJass
depot
sftrps
are
designed
for
operations
in
the
restricted waters of
the
Baltic
and
GermanNorthSea.
Serving as
depot
ships
ofFast Patrol
Craft
and
diesel
submarrnet
the
armament
fit
enables
ffie
yessels to operate
in
place
oftrigates
or as
training
ships.
in
the first
halfofthe
1960s. TVro
others,
lhe Cezayirli
Gaza
Hasan Paga (ex-
minelayers
in wartime, The Type
401
is
distingn.rishable
fromthe Type
402
by
havingra
single crane
to
port,
whilst th6
latter units have
two
cranes
side-by-
side farther
aft.
T\ruo
of
the Type
401
tenders are to undergo refits to
sup-
pofi
the new
type
l43A
mrssile craft
equrpped wrth mine rails to serve
as
Dimensions:lenqlh99
2
m(322
2
TYpe 401
98,5
m
(323.2
ft)1or
Tlae
=.:
and98,6
m
(323
5
ft)
for
Tlpe
4C3
beam
I LB3
m
(38,8 ft);
draugrh:
-
2
:,
( 17,
l
ft)
Propulsiori:
2-shafr
diesels
de
-'.':
i
:
-:
:_-.
:
14,400
hp
(10738
kW)
Specification
'Rhein'class
Type: depot ship
Displacement: Type 40l
2,370
tons
standard
and
3,000 tons
full load:
\pe
402 2,330 tons
standard
and
2,940
tons
tull load: and
Type
403 2,400
tons
standard
and 2,956tons full
load
Speed:20.5
kts
Armament:
two
single
lC
-
:
-:-
-
DP
(except
A
55
and A
:-.
I
:-
-'
srngle
4O-mm
AA (excep:
:,.,-: --',-:,
=
-
-
::
-:::
:rd
Mosel (A
67);
and the
provision
for up
to
7l
r:-:.:..
-:
.
.
.I
t-.
to
type
Electronics:
one
|
-:---
I
.'
-
.-.
:
-,',1,
surface-search
rade:
:r.'
:
I
control
radars
cie
K:-',-:-
----;:-:.
_=
:
navlgatton
tad,:
::.=
:.
'
-::.-.r
Complement:
-33
:-r::;
.
-:-
::
-,:
-:-
::
_:
mmAAinASSandA::
;.-.
I14
A61arC.r-3!
67
125
-:l
:--,:-:.::
-:-:-
F4-
lEd;r{:-+3:i,.rtiildni,;t:+j.,1
1063

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