RAMPS Wiring Guide V1.0.pdf

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RAMPS 1.4 Assembly Guide
3D Printer Czar
Version 1
Table of Content
Getting to know RAMPS 1.4 ---------------------------------------------------3
Insert jumpers to RAMPS 1.4---------------------------------------------------4
Connect the boards---------------------------------------------------------------4
Crimp Connectors-----------------------------------------------------------------5
Connect the Power Supply------------------------------------------------------6
Connect the Rest------------------------------------------------------------------7
Getting to know RAMPS 1.4
RAMPS 1.4 is probably the most widely used electronics for RepRap machines as of March
2014. It consists of a RAMPS 1.4 shield, an Arduino Mega 2560 board (or a clone), and a max
of five Pololu Stepper drivers. It can control up to 5 stepper motors with 1/16 stepping
precision and interface with a hotend, a heatbed, a fan (or a second hotend), a LCD
controller, a 12V (or 24V with appropriate modification) power supply, up to three
thermistors, and up to six end stoppers.
RAMPS 1.4 Schematic, taken from www.makerfarm.com
1. Insert jumpers to RAMPS 1.4
The jumpers (in the plastic bag below) control the precision of the motor movement. To
have the most precise stepping (1/16 micro stepping), insert three jumpers to each of
the areas outlined below：
Install all jumpers to the orange area to ensure the most precise stepping
If you would like to learn about other modes of stepping (full stepping, half stepping,
1/8 stepping, etc.), please refer to this article:
http://www.nmbtc.com/step-
motors/engineering/full-half-and-microstepping.html.
These modes are not suitable for
3D printer motion control, but could be useful for other projects.
2. Connect the Boards
Stack the RAMPS 1.4 shield on top of the Arduino Mega 2560 board. Make sure the
orientation is correct as shown above. The Mega 2560 board’s USB side is directly under
RAMPS 1.4 shied’s “D8 D9 D10” area.
Stack up the RAMPS 1.4 shield on top of Mega 2560 Board
Next stack the Pololu steppers on top of the RAMPS 1.4 shield.
MAKE SURE THE
ORIENTATION IS CORRECT AS SHOWN BELOW!
The potential meter (outlined in red on the
right picture below) should be facing away from the “D10 D9 D8” side on the RAMPS 1.4
shield. We have heard numerous cases where these steppers got fried because of incorrect
orientation. Install the heat sinks on the Pololu steppers, and make sure the heat sink are
not touching multiple components on the Pololu stepper (the clearance could be small, but
it is there!)
Install the Five Pololu steppers in the boxed pins shown on the left picture. Make sure the Potentiometer on the Pololu stepper is away
from the side labeled “D10 D9 D8”.
3. Crimp Connectors
Motors, hotend thermistor, and the heatbed thermistor have bare wires. You need to crimp
the Dupont connector pins and attach the connector shells. It might be easy to use a
crimping tool (the best place to find one is Ebay or Radio shack), but needle nose pliers also
work. This Instructables article gives a detailed step by step guide to crimping connectors:
http://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Make-A-Quality-Crimped-Joint/
When crimping the motor connectors, follow the
Black-Green-Blue-Red
order. If you find
the motor spinning the opposite direction later, simply disconnect and flip the connector
(make sure you do this while the power is off, otherwise you risk frying the Pololu boards).
The thermistor connector does not have a particular orientation.

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