saunders-and-saro-aircraft-since-1917.pdf

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Saunders and
Sare Aircraft
since
1917
Peter London
The outstanding Saunders-Roe SR.A/l jet flying-boat.
(Saro)
•
(
!
~
CONTENTS
Preface
Acknowledgements
History of the Companies
Saunders T.l
Saunders Kittiwake
Saunders A4 Medina
Saunders A3 Valkyrie
Saunders A14 'Metal Hull'
Saunders/Sara A 7 Severn
Saunders/Saro A10 'Multi-gun'
Saro/Segrave A22 Meteor
Saunders-Roe A17 Cutty Sark
Saunders-Roe A19 and A.29 Cloud
Saunders-Roe A.21 Windhover
Spartan Cruiser
Saunders-Roe A27 London
Saunders-Roe A33
Saunders-Roe S.36 Lerwick
Saunders-Roe A37
Saunders-Roe SR.A/l
Saunders-Roe SR.45 Princess
Cierva W.14/Saunders-Roe P.501 Skeeter
Saunders-Roe P.531, Scout and Wasp
Saunders-Roe SR.53 and SR. 177
Appendix One: S.E. Saunders: First World War
sub-contracted production
Appendix Two: Second World War sub-contracted production
of Walrus and Sea Otter
Appendix Three: Second World War disposition of Saro plant
Appendix Four: Helicogyres
Appendix Five: Projects
Appendix Six: Sara-Hiller 1033 XROE-l Rotorcycle
Appendix Seven: Pre-Sara Simmonds/Spartan Aircraft
Appendix Eight: B-class markings
Index
VII
IX
1
52
54
60
64
71
76
85
92
96
109
125
130
144
162
171
191
196
210
236
263
276
298
298
299
300
303
327
328
340
341
©
Peter M London 1988
Typeset by Witwell Ltd, Southport
Printed in Great Britain for
Putnam, an imprint of
Conway Maritime Press Ltd,
24 Bride Lane, Fleet Street
London EC4Y 8DR
at the University Printing House, Oxford
First published 1988
ISBN 0 85177 814 3
v
Preface
Saunders/Saro designed and built mostly flying-boats and amphibious
aircraft, a natural evolution from an earlier involvement with boat-
building. The aircraft varied greatly in terms of success. A number have
gone largely unrecorded, especially some of the early prototypes. A small
number of landplane designs were also conceived.
The term 'Saunders/Saro' is used to describe a Limited Company which
existed between 1908 and 1959. For twenty years, S.E. Saunders Ltd was
engaged in boat-building, sub-contracted aircraft construction, and the
development of a few aircraft to the company's own designs. In late 1928
the firm was reorganised and a new name was adopted-Saunders-Roe
Ltd, usually abbreviated to Saro. The latter concern laid greater emphasis
on aircraft design, and other interests were over a period made virtually
autonomous.
Despite fluctuations in the success of its aircraft, the company continued
with its work and by the early 1950s was the last stronghold of flying-boat
development in Great Britain. Saunders/Saro was always a small
enterprise compared with the major aircraft manufacturers and so a
frequently one-sided battle was waged in terms of obtaining orders and
developing new types. It has been suggested that the company might have
done well to concentrate solely on boat-building. Certainly a significant
proportion of its aircraft remained unsold or were unpopular with those
who flew them. Others, however, were more successful and a few were
outstanding. This is the story of all these aircraft and the company which
produced them.
VB
Acknowledgements
The author wishes to acknowledge with gratitude the help of the
organisations and individuals listed below. Without their co-operation,
freely and generously given, this work would not have been completed.
Army Air Corps; Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establish-
ment; Air Historical Branch (RAF); Aeronautical Quality Assurance
Directorate (especially Ken Meekcoms); D.B. Allison; G. Allison; V.F.
Arnold; L.S. Ash; Mrs D. Austin; Lord Balfour of Inchrye PC MC; British
Aerospace; BBC Radio Solent; BBC Television South; British Hovercraft
Corporation; British Powerboat Co; I.E. Bliss; G. Boothroyde; Chaz
Bowyer; Civil Aviation Authority Library; Helen Cookson; Mrs W.E.
Cozens; B. Dibbens; J. Hamon; H. Hanna; Mrs J Harpley; M Hermiston;
Capt B. Hygate; Inspectorate of Recruiting RAF; Isle of Wight County
Press; Imperial War Museum; Mrs M. Keen; Mrs D. Knowler; A.P.
Kitcher; S.J. Lake; P.K. Langdon; D.E.C. Lockyer; A.G. London;
Luftwaffen-Museum; Miss L. Manning; R.J. Mitchell Hall; I.R. Murray
(HM Consul Porto); W.F. Murray; Mrs M. New; Parkhurst Photographic;
Public Records Office; Liz Radcliffe; Bruce Robertson; S.J. Rose; Royal
Aircraft Establishment Farnborough (especially Dennis Goode and Brian
Kervell); Royal Aeronautical Society; Royal Air Force Association; Royal
Air Force Museum; W.J. Saunders; Science Museum; L.G. Seager; Shell
UK; c.A. Sims; Southern Evening Echo; B.J. Saxton; L. Smith; Mrs R.
Stevenson; R. Stratton; John Stroud; Rev P. Tongeman; I.T. Ward;
Westland Helicopters; Bob Wealthy; Mrs M. Woodhouse-Jones.
Special thanks to Eric Morgan for his encouragement as well as practical
support.
This book is dedicated to my mother and father.
IX

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