(Men-at-Arms 462) Vladimir Brnardic, Darko Pavlovic (Illustrated by)-Imperial Armies of the Thirty Years' War (2)_ Cavalry (Men-at-Arms 462)-Osprey Publishing (2010).pdf

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Men-at-Arms
OSPREY
PUBLISHING
Imperial Armies of the
Thirty Years' War (2)
Cavalry
ustrated by Darko Pavlovic
VLADIMIR BRNARDIC was
born in Zagreb in 1973.
After graduating from the
University of Zagreb with a
History degree, he trained
as a journalist in the
Documentary Programme of
Croatian Television. He has a
keen interest in the history of
Central and Eastern European
military organizations from the
15th to the 19th century,
especially those of the
Napoleonic period. He is
married and currently lives
and works in Zagreb, Croatia.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
• Troop types
3
4
6
RECRUITMENT
• Nobility, militias and mercenaries
ORGANIZATION
• Regiments - companies and squadrons -
ranks and responsibilities - discipline
• Horses
• Standards - musicians
DARKO PAVLOVIC was born
in 1959 and currently lives
and works in Zagreb, Croatia.
A trained architect, he now
works as a full-time illustrator
and writer, specializing
in militaria. Darko has
illustrated many books in the
Men-at-Arms and Elite series,
and has also both written and
illustrated Men-At-Arms titles
on the Austrian Army of the
19th century.
THE FIRST REGULAR REGIMENTS
• Dampierre/Florentine (1616) - Illow/D'Espaigne (1631) -
Alt-Piccolomini (1629)
11
WARTIME CAVALRY STRENGTHS
• Fluctuating strengths of the cavalry arm during the
Thirty Years' War
13
CUIRASSIERS
• Organization - armour - weapons - tactics
17
22
24
37
HARQUEBUSIERS
• Organization - armour and weapons - tactics
DRAGOONS
• Origins and organization - clothing and weapons - tactics
LIGHT CAVALRY
• Croats - hussars - Polish cavalry
• Armour and weapons - clothing - horse furniture - tactics
INDEPENDENT COMPANIES
FURTHER READING
PLATE COMMENTARIES
INDEX
35
43
44
48
Men-at-Arms • 462
Imperial Armies of the
Thirty Years' War (2)
Cavalry
Vladimir Brnardic • Illustrated by Darko Pavlovic
Series editor
Martin Windrow
First published in Great Britain in 2010 by Osprey Publishing
Midland House, West Way, Botley, Oxford 0X2 OPH, UK
44-02 23rd St, Suite 219, Long Island City, NY 11101, USA
E-mail:
info@ospreypublishing.com
© 2010 Osprey Publishing Ltd.
All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study,
research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and
Patents Act, 1988, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should
be addressed to the Publishers.
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978 1 84603 997 3
E-book ISBN: 978 1 84603 998 0
Editor: Martin Windrow
Page layout by Myriam Bell Design, France
Typeset in Helvetica Neue and ITC New Baskerville
Index by Auriol Griffith-Jones
Originated by PPS Grasmere Ltd, Leeds, UK
Printed in China through World Print Ltd.
10 11 12 13 14
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Dedication
To my lovely girls: Teodora, Helena, Lea and Lara
Acknowledgements
Many people helped me to prepare this book. I would like to thank
Tihomir Bregar for many of the photos, and for his assistance;
David Hollins for all his help; Romain Baleusch for critical reading;
Darko Pavlovic for his patience; Zlatko Brkic and Tomislav Aralica,
who allowed me to make use both of their collections (Brkic) and
their outstanding knowledge; Lena Engquist Sandstedt and Tomas
Wallin from the Armemuseum, Stockholm; Dr Leopold Toifl,
Raimund Bauer, Thomas Kohler and other staff of the
Landeszeughaus,Graz (picture credits LZH); and Mag Christopher
Hatschek and Peter Enne of the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum,
Vienna (picture credits HGM). Any errors, and all opinions
expressed, are the author's responsibility. I should also like to thank
my parents and parents-in-law, especially my mother-in-law Vera,
who watch over my children; and above all, my greatest gratitude
goes to my wife Teodora, for all her love, support, help and
understanding.
Author's
note
Osprey Publishing is supporting the Woodland Trust, the UK's leading
woodland conservation charity by funding the dedication of trees.
www.ospreypublishing.com
Both this book, and the previous MAA 457 on Infantry and Artillery,
are limited in their scope to those troops in the Imperial armies of
the Thirty Years' War which were raised by the Austrian branch of
the Habsburg family, i.e. the Holy Roman Emperors. Allied Spanish
troops or units of the Catholic League which fought in these armies
will require another work.
Artist's
note
Readers may care to note that the original paintings from which the
colour plates in this book were prepared are available for private
sale. All reproduction copyright whatsoever is retained by the
Publishers. All enquiries should be addressed to:
Darko Pavlovic, Modecova 3, Zagreb 10090, Croatia
The Publishers regret that they can enter into no correspondence
upon this matter.
IMPERIAL ARMIES OF THE
THIRTY YEARS' WAR (2)
CAVALRY
INTRODUCTION
These two suits of cuirassier
armour are the heaviest in the
Armoury at Graz; they weigh
42kg/92lb each, due to extra
plates attached for reinforcement
on the chest and back - there
is even reinforcement on the
zischagge
helmet. Gilded
buckles, belt ends and nasals,
and the red velvet edging to the
thick lining, demonstrate that
they were made for wealthy
officers. The especially broad
tassets extend downwards over
the knee. (LZH)
A
lthough the cavalry's previous domination of the battlefield had
been superseded by that of pike-and-shot infantry by the start of
the 17th century, the mounted arm retained several significant
roles. As in other Western European countries at the beginning of the
Thirty Years' War, the Imperial cavalry was now composed o f several
distinct types of mounted troops. T h e regular battle cavalry comprised
cuirassiers and harquebusiers, which were in the process of being
augmented by dragoons - still considered during this period to be
mounted infantry. For other duties the Imperial authorities recruited
Croats and Hungarian hussars, irregular light cavalry drawn from the
Military Frontier with the Ottoman Turks. During the course of the wars
these were supplemented with mercenary Polish (usually light) cavalry.
1
Cuirassiers (also termed lancers or pistoleers) were the heaviest
cavalry, successors to the medieval knights who
had been rendered almost obsolete during the
16th century by improved infantry firearms and
tactics. They derived their name from the largest
piece of armour still employed, the breast- and
backplate or cuirass. Although their importance
had been greatly diminished by social change and
military developments, it was this cavalry type
which usually provided bodyguard units, such as
the 200-strong single company of lancers who
formed Graf Wallenstein's Leibgarde in 1627.
T h e heavy cavalry lance had already almost
disappeared; some cuirassiers still carried them at
the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War, but they
had generally been replaced as the primary
weapon with a brace o f wheellock pistols.
Harquebusiers were only partly armoured, and
carried various firearms; these included both the
wheellock
harquebuse
or arquebus from which they
derived their name, and shorter wheellock pistols.
Originally they had been raised to use firearms to
prepare the way for and give fire support to the
main cuirassier charge, but as time passed and
cuirassiers relied upon pistols the distinction
1 See MAA 457:
Imperial Armies of the Thirty Years' Wear (1): Infantry and
Artillery
for those arms; for general material on the Imperial military system; and
for a summarized outline of the campaigns during the various phases of the
war between 1618 and 1648. For more detailed material on infantry tactics in
this period, see also Elite 179:
Pike and Shot Tactics 1590-1650.

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