The Unwritten Order, Hitler's Role in the Final Solution.pdf

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THE
UNWRITTEN
ORDER
Hitler's Role in the Final Solution
PETER LONGERICH
TEMPUS
First published 2001
I'UBLJSJ-IED IN THE UNITED KINGDOM BY·
Tempus Publishing Ltd
The Mill, Brimscombe Port
Stroud, Gloucestershire GLS 2QG
www.tempus-publishing.com
I'UBLJSHED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
IJY:
Tempus Publishing Inc.
2 Cumberland Street
Charleston, SC 29401
1-888-313-2665
www.arcadiapublishing.com
Tempus books are available in France and Germany from the following
addresses:
Tempus Pubhshing Group
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FltANCE
Tempus Publishing Group
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Erfun
GERMANY
©
Copyright Peter Longerich, 2001
The right of Peter Longcrich to be identified as the Author of this work has been
asserted by her in accordance with the Copyrights, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No pan of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised
in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or
hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information
storage or retrieval system, without the permission in writing from the Publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 0 7524 1977 3
Typcscttmg and origination by Tempus l'ubhshing.
COVEit
ILLU~Tit\TION:
Entry in Himmler's desk book, translation as follows:
Fuhrer's Head Quarter: Fuhrer
Wolfsschanze 18.XII.41 16 h
Jewish question
I
to be exterminated as partisans
New organisation of the Armed SS
Lcibstandarte
Alpine Div.
The expcn reports for the Irving trial which form the basis of the book were
translated by Dr Catherine Stodolsky. Additional sections were translated by Dr
Robert Vilain who also revised the full text.
CONTENTS
PREFACE
NVw
l
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
'Remove', i'\nnihilate', 'Extirpate'
'Complete removal oftheJews'
'Eradication from the cultural and intellectual life
of the Nation'
~ttempting
a legal solution to a problem'
'The Jews must be expelled from Germany, from
the whole of Europe'
~II
measures against the Jews are to be discussed
directly with the Fuhrer'
'Granting a merciful death'
i'\n attempt at the settlement and regulation of
the Jewish Problem'
'Some time in the future we want to ship the
Jews out to Madagascar'
~ccording
to the will of the Fuhrer'
'The Jewish-Bolshevik intelligentsia
... must be eliminated'
' ... shoot everyone who even looks oddly'
'It
is good if the fear that we are e>."terminating the
Jews goes before us'
'We arc e>."Periencing the fulfilment of that prophesy'
'The World War is here, the e>."termination of the
Jews must be the necessary consequence'
~ftcr
appropriate prior approval by the Fuhrer'
'In this matter the Fuhrer is the untiring pioneer
and spokesman for a radical solution'
'The Fiihrer has laid the implementation of this
very difficult order on my shoulders'
'In accordance with the wishes of the Fiihrer'
'To be treated like tuberculosis bacteria'
'By removing the Jews'
7
14
15
19
27
31
37
45
47
51
55
57
63
69
75
81
91
95
99
103
109
113
119
1~
NmB
BtnLIOGI~APIIY
INOEX
147
158
PREFACE
At the end of 1997 I received an unusual request. My colleague Richard Evans.
Professor of Modem History at Cambridge University and Fellow of GoDVJ11e
and Caius College, and Anthony Julius, of the London law firm ofMishcon de
Rcya, asked if I would be prepared to appear as an expen wimess in the
fonhcoming civil action of Irving
v.
Lipstadt.
The background to this spectacular civil action is well known and need not be
repeated here in much detail: David Irving, the author of several books on the
Nazi period and the Second World War, had begun proceedings
against
Professor Deborah Lipstadt, Professor at Emory University Atlanta, because in
her book,
De11yitrg tile Holoca11st,
she had ponrayed him as denying the murder of
the Jews.• In response, Deborah Lipstadt and her publishers Penguin Books
decided not only to take up Irving's challenge and face the charge, but also to
take the offensive in their conduct of the case. In other words, they resolved
to
subject Irving's methods to detailed scrutiny before the coun and make them the
true object of the trial.
As
pan of this strategy, the defence called on a number of
historians, who were to demonstrate
to
tl1e coun just how untenable was
Irving's attempt to cast into question substantial aspects of the history of the
murder of the European Jews that are generally accepted. The
goal
that the
defence set itselfwas reached: as is also well known, the trial ended in April2000
with Irving's total defeat.
For the action of Irving
v.
Lipstadt the historians who had been engaged as
ex"Pen witnesses prepared written reports, some of them very o.ttnsive. In the
main submission, Richard Evans dealt in detail wid1 'David Irving. Hider and
1-lolocaust Denial', but there were four funher specialist submissions: a srudy
of
the history of the construction of Auschwitz by Roben-Jan van Pelt. an
architectural historian teaching in Canada; a study
by
America's leading
Holocaust expert Christopher Browning on the source materials a\"2ilable on the
subject of the 'final solution'; and my own two
O."JlCR
reports, the first on 1lle
Systematic Character of National Socialist Policy for the Annihilation
of
the
Jews', the second on 'Hitler's Role in the Persecution of d1e Jews
by
d1e
National Socialist Regime'.
The two reports prepared
by
me were therefore concerned \\ith two centra)
clements of the history of the murder of the EuropeanJC\\'!1 that ha\"t'
repea~ly
7

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