UI_S2L11_061313_eclass101.pdf

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Upper Intermediate S2 #11
You Need a Little Healthy
Competition in Britain
LESSON NOTES
CONTENTS
2
2
3
4
4
6
English
Vocabulary
Sample Sentences
Vocabulary Phrase Usage
Grammar
Cultural Insight
#
11
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
ENGLISH
1.
LUCY:
JESSICA:
LUCY:
Do you know anything about this story, Jessica?
Which story?
A media company wanted to buy out a rival and merge the two
companies but the Competition Commission have stopped the deal
from going through.
Yeah, I heard about it. Some of the funding for the deal was going to
come from us, actually.
Why was it stopped?
The new company would have had too much of the market share
and a complete monopoly in a few areas so the Office of Fair
Trading investigated. If one company has a monopoly then they can
set their own rules and prices and it affects the consumer.
So it was stopped because of that? To make sure that there was still
competition available and that consumers still had choice?
Yes. Imagine that the country only had one bank. That bank could
set interest rates for loans sky high, yet pay no interest on savings
and nobody would have a choice. Competition keeps things fair.
It's a good thing, I think. I dread to think how long the queues would
be if the whole country used the same bank!
2.
3.
4.
JESSICA:
5.
LUCY:
JESSICA:
6.
7.
LUCY:
8.
JESSICA:
9.
LUCY:
VOCABULARY
V oc abular y
merge
English
to combine and blend into
one
C lass
verb
ENGLISHCLASS101.COM
UPPER INTERMEDIATE S2 #11 - YOU NEED A LITTLE HEALTHY COMPETITION IN BRITAIN
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Competition Commission
an independent office that
investigates mergers
money provided, often by an
organisation or government,
for a particular project.
a government department
that protects the rights of
consumers
the percentage of the market
controlled by a company or
product
when one company owns
all, or nearly all of the market
customers, the people
buying the products of the
company
the amount charged for use
of money, such as a loan
at a very high level
noun
funding
noun
Office of Fair Trading
noun
market share
noun
monopoly
noun
consumers
noun
interest rates
sky high
noun
adjective
SAMPLE SENTENCES
They merged the two companies to make
a new one.
The Competition Commission blocked the
merger.
Before we can expand, we need to find
enough funding.
That shop always sells sub-standard
clothes. I’m going to complain to the
Office of Fair Trading!
The company had a successful year and
increased their market share.
That company has a monopoly on coffee
shops as they own every one in town.
ENGLISHCLASS101.COM
UPPER INTERMEDIATE S2 #11 - YOU NEED A LITTLE HEALTHY COMPETITION IN BRITAIN
3
Whether the product is a success or not is
up to the consumers.
The bank increased the interest rates on
my loan so I’m repaying more now.
I want a new car but the prices are sky high.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
"Merge"
"Merge" means more than just to combine or connect two or more independent things. It
means that the independent things become a single entity that is as united and unable to be
separated in the same manner.
"Market share"
"Market share" is an important measure of how successful a company is. It is the percentage of
that particular market that the company owns and sells to.
"Sky high"
If something is considered to be at a high level it can be said to be "sky high." The phrase
implies that it isn't just high but is too high, or higher than expected. It is often used in a
negative way but this isn't always the case.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of this Lesson is Using Statements as Questions
"So it was stopped because of that?"
To ask questions in English we usually form sentences using question words such as "why,"
"where," and "what." This makes it easier for the listener to know that they are being asked a
question and clarifies exactly what form the question takes.
However, it is also possible to ask questions without using any question words. Statements can
also function as questions and do so freely in everyday conversation and in text. In text, the
sentences still end with a question mark but in conversation this isn't possible.
When to use Statements as Questions
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UPPER INTERMEDIATE S2 #11 - YOU NEED A LITTLE HEALTHY COMPETITION IN BRITAIN
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Statements are most commonly used as questions during a conversation to qualify a previous
statement or offer opinions.
In this lesson's conversation, Lucy uses direct questions to find out information on the
newspaper story but uses statements as questions to clarify and expand on the information that
Jessica has provided. She also uses a statement to offer her own opinion and check that
Jessica agrees. She could have just said the sentences without making them a question, but
by phrasing it as a question it makes her sound less certain of what she is saying.
If you are nervous or unsure of your opinion or idea, a statement as question is a good way of
making yourself heard without needing to be confident. It suggests uncertainty.
For example:
1.
"Will he come tomorrow?" (question)
VS
"he will come tomorrow?" (statement as a
question) - the question suggests that the person asking doesn't know if the man will
come tomorrow or not and is asking someone with better knowledge of the situation.
The statement as a question suggests that the person asking believes the man will
probably come, but isn't 100% sure and is seeking confirmation.
"Was it her fault?" (question)
VS
"it was her fault?" (statement as a question) - again, the
question suggests that the person asking doesn't know if it was her fault or not. The
statement as a question suggests that that speaker is seeking clarification of whether
an occurence was her fault or not. It would be used when something has gone
wrong, but the speaker is not sure if the problem was due to the woman's actions, or
another factor such as an accident or bad luck.
"Is that what happened?" (question)
VS
"that's what happened?" (statement as a
question) - in this case, the statement as a question is not only seeking confirmation,
but there is also an element of disbelief. When using statements as questions to show
disbelief, the tone of voice should be raised and excited.
2.
3.
Examples from this Dialogue
1.
2.
"So it was stopped because of that?" - Lucy is checking the information.
"To make sure that there was still competition available and that consumers still had
choice?" - she is continuing with her own opinion, but is seeking assurance that she
is right.
Sample Sentences
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UPPER INTERMEDIATE S2 #11 - YOU NEED A LITTLE HEALTHY COMPETITION IN BRITAIN
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