##Adobe File Version: 1.000 #======================================================================= # FTP file name: ARABIC.TXT # # Contents: Map (external version) from Mac OS Arabic # character set to Unicode 2.1 # # Copyright: (c) 1994-1999 by Apple Computer, Inc., all rights # reserved. # # Contact: charsets@apple.com # # Changes: # # b02 1999-Sep-22 Update contact e-mail address. Matches # internal utom<b1>, ufrm<b1>, and Text # Encoding Converter version 1.5. # n10 1998-Feb-05 Show required Unicode character # directionality in a different way. Matches # internal utom<n4>, ufrm<n21>, and Text # Encoding Converter version 1.3. Update # header comments; include information on # loose mapping of digits. # n07 1997-Jul-17 Update to match internal utom<n2>, ufrm<n17>: # Change standard mapping for 0xC0 from U+066D # to U+274A. Add direction overrides to # mappings for 0x25, 0x2C, 0x3B, 0x3F. Add # information on variants. # n03 1995-Apr-18 First version (after fixing some typos). # Matches internal ufrm<n11>. # # Standard header: # ---------------- # # Apple, the Apple logo, and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple # Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. # Unicode is a trademark of Unicode Inc. For the sake of brevity, # throughout this document, "Macintosh" can be used to refer to # Macintosh computers and "Unicode" can be used to refer to the # Unicode standard. # # Apple makes no warranty or representation, either express or # implied, with respect to these tables, their quality, accuracy, or # fitness for a particular purpose. In no event will Apple be liable # for direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages # resulting from any defect or inaccuracy in this document or the # accompanying tables. # # These mapping tables and character lists are subject to change. # The latest tables should be available from the following: # # <ftp://ftp.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/APPLE/> # <ftp://dev.apple.com/devworld/Technical_Documentation/Misc._Standards/> # # For general information about Mac OS encodings and these mapping # tables, see the file "README.TXT". # # Format: # ------- # # Three tab-separated columns; # '#' begins a comment which continues to the end of the line. # Column #1 is the Mac OS Arabic code (in hex as 0xNN). # Column #2 is the corresponding Unicode (in hex as 0xNNNN), # possibly preceded by a tag indicating required directionality # (i.e. <LR>+0xNNNN or <RL>+0xNNNN). # Column #3 is a comment containing the Unicode name. # # The entries are in Mac OS Arabic code order. # # Control character mappings are not shown in this table, following # the conventions of the standard UTC mapping tables. However, the # Mac OS Roman character set uses the standard control characters at # 0x00-0x1F and 0x7F. # # Notes on Mac OS Arabic: # ----------------------- # # 1. General # # The Mac OS Arabic character set is intended to cover Arabic as # used in North Africa, the Arabian peninsula, and the Levant. It # also contains several characters needed for Urdu and/or Farsi. # Mac OS Arabic is used for the Arabic localizations, and for the # Arabic language support in the Arabic Language Kit. # # The Mac OS Arabic character set is essentially a superset of ISO # 8859-6. The 8859-6 code points that are interpreted differently # in the Mac OS Arabic set are as follows: # 0xA0 is NO-BREAK SPACE in 8859-6 and right-left SPACE in Mac OS # Arabic; NO-BREAK is 0x81 in Mac OS Arabic. # 0xA4 is CURRENCY SIGN in 8859-6 and right-left DOLLAR SIGN in # Mac OS Arabic. # 0xAD is SOFT HYPHEN in 8859-6 and right-left HYPHEN-MINUS in # Mac OS Arabic. # ISO 8859-6 specifies that codes 0x30-0x39 can be rendered either # with European digit shapes or Arabic digit shapes. This is also # true in Mac OS Arabic, which determines from context which digit # shapes to use (see below). # # The Mac OS Arabic character set uses the C1 controls area and other # code points which are undefined in ISO 8859-6 for additional # graphic characters: additional Arabic letters for Farsi and Urdu, # some accented Roman letters for European languages (such as French), # and duplicates of some of the punctuation, symbols, and digits in # the ASCII block. The duplicate punctuation, symbol, and digit # characters have right-left directionality, while the ASCII versions # have left-right directionality. See the next section for more # information on this. # # Mac OS Arabic characters 0xEB-0xF2 are non-spacing/combining marks. # # 2. Directional characters and roundtrip fidelity # # The Mac OS Arabic character set was developed in 1986-1987. At that # time the bidirectional line layout algorithm used in the Mac OS # Arabic system was fairly simple; it used only a few direction # classes (instead of the 13 or so now used in the Unicode # bidirectional algorithm). In order to permit users to handle some # tricky layout problems, certain punctuation and symbol characters # have duplicate code points, one with a left-right direction # attribute and the other with a right-left direction attribute. # # For example, plus sign is encoded at 0x2B with a left-right # attribute, and at 0xAB with a right-left attribute. However, there # is only one PLUS SIGN character in Unicode. This leads to some # interesting problems when mapping between Mac OS Arabic and Unicode; # see below. # # A related problem is that even when a particular character is # encoded only once in Mac OS Arabic, it may have a different # direction attribute than the corresponding Unicode character. # # For example, the Mac OS Arabic character at 0x93 is HORIZONTAL # ELLIPSIS with strong right-left direction. However, the Unicode # character HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS has direction class neutral. # # 3. Behavior of ASCII-range numbers # # Mac OS Arabic also has two sets of digit codes. # # The digits at 0x30-0x39 may be displayed using either European # digit shapes or Arabic digit shapes, depending on context. If there # is a "strong European" character such as a Latin letter on either # side of a sequence consisting of digits 0x30-0x39 and possibly comma # 0x2C or period 0x2E, then the digits will be displayed using # European shapes, the comma will be displayed as Arabic thousands # separator, and the period as Arabic decimal separator. (This will # happen even if there are neutral characters between the digits and # the strong European character). Otherwise, all of these characters # will be displayed using the European shapes. In any case, 0x2C, # 0x2E, and 0x30-0x39 are always left-right. # # The digits at 0xB0-0xB9 are always displayed using Arabic digit # shapes, and moreover, these digits always have strong right-left # directionality. These are mainly intended for special layout # purposes such as part numbers, etc. # # 4. Font variants # # The table in this file gives the Unicode mappings for the standard # Mac OS Arabic encoding. This encoding is supported by the Cairo font # (the system font for Arabic), and is the encoding supported by the # text processing utilities. However, the other Arabic fonts actually # implement slightly different encodings; this mainly affects the code # points 0xAA and 0xC0. For these code points the standard Mac OS # Arabic encoding has the following mappings: # 0xAA -> <RL>+0x002A ASTERISK, right-left # 0xC0 -> <RL>+0x274A EIGHT TEARDROP-SPOKED PROPELLER ASTERISK, # right-left # This mapping of 0xAA is consistent with the normal convention for # Mac OS Arabic and Hebrew that the right-left duplicates have codes # that are equal to the ASCII code of the left-right character plus # 0x80. However, in all of the other fonts, 0xAA is MULTIPLY SIGN, and # right-left ASTERISK may be at a different code point. The other # variants are described below. # # The TrueType variant is used for most of the Arabic TrueType fonts: # Baghdad, Geeza, Kufi, Nadeem. It differs from the standard variant # in the following way: # 0xAA -> <RL>+0x00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN, right-left # 0xC0 -> <RL>+0x002A ASTERISK, right-left # # The Thuluth variant is used for the Arabic Postscript-only fonts: # Thuluth and Thuluth bold. It differs from the standard variant in # the following way: # 0xAA -> <RL>+0x00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN, right-left # 0xC0 -> 0x066D ARABIC FIVE POINTED STAR # # The AlBayan variant is used for the Arabic TrueType font Al Bayan. # It differs from the standard variant in the following way: # 0x81 -> no mapping (glyph just has authorship information, etc.) # 0xA3 -> 0xFDFA ARABIC LIGATURE SALLALLAHOU ALAYHE WASALLAM # 0xA4 -> 0xFDF2 ARABIC LIGATURE ALLAH ISOLATED FORM # 0xAA -> <RL>+0x00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN, right-left # 0xDC -> <RL>+0x25CF BLACK CIRCLE, right-left # 0xFC -> <RL>+0x2...
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