First Aid for Basic Sciences.pdf

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General Principles
Second Edition
SENIOR EDITORS
TAO LE. MD, MHS
Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics
Chief, Section of Allergy and Immunology
Department of Medicine
University
of
Louisville
KENDAll. KRAUSE. MD
Resident, General Preventive Medicine/Public Health
Colorado School of Public Health
EDITOR
VINRA TAKIAR. MD, PhD
Resident, Radiation Oncology
University
of
Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center
B
Medical
New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City
Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto
Fint
Aid
for
the
ill>
Buic
Sciences: General Principles,
SeCOlld Edition
Copyright©
2012, 2009
by
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no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or
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FintAid
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Disclosure: The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authoR and are not
to
be construed as official or as reflecting
the views of the Department of Defense, the United States Military, or the Department
of
Health and Human Service&.
1 2 H
56
7 8 9 0
CTP/CTP
1'113 12 11
ISBN
97S.()..()7-17i388-i
MHID
O.V7-1 7+388-J{
NOTICE
Medicine is an ever-changing science.
As
new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in lreabnent and
drug
therapy
are required. The auth011 and the publisher of this
worlr.
ha""
checked with oources believed
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be reliable in their
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to
provide information
that is complete and generally in
=rd
with the standards aecepted at
the
time of publication. However, in
view
of the possibility of human
error or
changes
in medical sciences, neither the autho,. nor the publisher nor any other party who
h..
been involved in the preparation
or
pul>-
lication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in
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respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim
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responsibility
for
any errors or omissions or
for
the results obtained from use
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the information contained in this walk. Readers are encouraged
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ID
administer to be certain that tbe information contained in this work
is
accurate and tbat changes
ha...
not been made in the recommended dose
or
in the contraindications
for
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This
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This book wu
set
in Electra
lJI
by
Rainbow Graphics.
The editors were Catberine
A
Johnson and Peter J. Boyle.
The production supervisor
was
John Williams.
The illustration manager wu
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Ovsepyan.
The designer wu
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Barnett_
Project management was provided
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China Translation
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This
book is printed on acid-free paper.
The following material was reproduced, witb permission, from
LeT,
et
al.
Fint
Aid
for
the
USMLE Supl,
New Yorlr.: McGraw-Hill,
2011:
Figures
1-3,1-7,1-18,1-19, 1-21, 1-23,1-2+, 1-26, 1-27,1-29,1-30,1-32,
~5, ~7,
3.8, 3-9,
~H.
3-15,
~16,
3-17,
~26,
3-27,
~3+,
342, 3-45,
3-48,
3-4-9,
3-53,
~59,
3-68, 3-69, 3-72,
~105, ~12i,
3-125, 3-126, 3-127,
~128,
4-3,4-5,4-6,4-11,4-25, 5-7,
5-8,
5-40, 5-41, 5-43,
f>-5,
6-9,
and
6-10;
Tables
3-19,
~28,
4-7, 5-52,6-10, 6-14,
and
6-16.
Cataloging-in-pnblieation
data
for
thU
title
io
on
file
at
the Libwy
ofCongrao.
International Edition ISBN
97S.IJ.07-178&45-8;
MHID
0.07-178&45-X.
Copyright©
2012.
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by
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DEDICATION
To the contributors to this and future editions, who took time to share their
knowledge, insight, and humor for the benefit of students.
and
To our families, friends, and loved ones, who supported us
in the task of assembling this guide.
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