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Health and Safety
Executive
Health and safety in sawmilling
Health and Safety
Executive
Health and safety in sawmilling
This is a free-to-download, web-friendly version of HSG172
(Second edition, published 2012). This version has been adapted for online
use from HSE’s current printed version.)
You can buy the book at www.hsebooks.co.uk and bookshops.
ISBN 978 0 7176 6492 4
Price £15.00
Although standards of health and safety are much improved over recent years,
sawmilling remains a high-risk industry.
This revised guidance comprehensively updates and expands the original
Health
and safety in sawmilling,
published in 1997. This edition takes into account the
higher levels of automation introduced into the industry, with the attendant increase
in injuries caused by operator interventions. The guidance was produced in close
consultation with the industry and represents current good practice.
HSE Books
Page 1 of 70
Health and Safety
Executive
© Crown copyright 2012
First published 1997
ISBN 978 0 7176 6492 4
You may reuse this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or
medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view the licence
visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/, write to the
Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email
psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk.
Some images and illustrations may not be owned by the Crown so cannot be
reproduced without permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should
be sent to copyright@hse.gsi.gov.uk.
This guidance is issued by the Health and Safety Executive. Following the guidance
is not compulsory and you are free to take other action. But if you do follow the
guidance you will normally be doing enough to comply with the law. Health and
safety inspectors seek to secure compliance with the law and may refer to this
guidance as illustrating good practice.
Health and safety in sawmilling
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Health and Safety
Executive
Contents
Introduction
5
Managing health and safety
6
Incident investigation 6
Contractors 7
Training
7
Safeguarding machinery
8
How accidents happen 8
Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 9
Basic principles 9
Combined solutions 10
Documentation 10
Buying and selling machinery 11
Safeguarding standards for used machines 11
Braking 11
Saws 12
Frame saws 23
Circular log saws 23
Multi-rip saws/straight-line edgers 28
Circular cross-cut saws 29
Static cross-cut chainsaws 32
Portable (hand-held) chainsaws 33
Log debarkers, peelers and splitters 33
Stacking and strapping machines 35
Butt reducers 36
Mechanical strength grading of timber 37
Multi-spindle planing and moulding machines 37
Chippers/hoggers 38
Conveying (transfer) and transmission (drive) machinery 39
Mechanised sawmilling lines
40
Guide for completing a risk assessment on a mechanised sawmill 41
Safety precautions 43
Human factor and ergonomic considerations at automated sawmills 48
Workplace design and building maintenance
49
Safe working in confined spaces 50
Safe use of transport
50
Safe site 51
Safe driver 51
Safe vehicle 52
Health and safety in sawmilling
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Health and Safety
Executive
How accidents happen 53
Public protection 53
Safe stacking of logs 53
Building stable sawn timber stacks 54
Safe stacking of wood-based sheet materials 56
Safe stacking
53
Slinging/lifting of loads
57
Occupational health and the workplace
58
Manual handling 58
Practical tips for good lifting technique 58
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 59
Timber treatment 59
Asbestos 60
Noise 60
Vibration 62
Electricity 63
Welfare 64
Rest areas 64
References
66
Further information
70
Health and safety in sawmilling
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Health and Safety
Executive
Introduction
1 Historically, the sawmill industry has had a poor health and safety record. For
many years, rates of fatal and major accidents were about four times higher than
the wood industry as a whole. Between 1985 and 1995 there were 19 people killed
in sawmills and this prompted a two-year enforcement campaign by the Health and
Safety Executive (HSE). Although standards are now much improved, sawmilling
remains a high-risk industry.
2 This revised guidance comprehensively updates and expands the original
Health and safety in sawmilling
published in 1997. Since then, the industry has
seen much consolidation, various technical innovations and moves to much higher
levels of automation to achieve greater productivity. Although fewer people are now
employed in the industry there has been an increase in the number of injuries
caused during operator interventions on automated lines to clear blockages etc.
This has been taken into account in the guidance, which has been expanded in
these areas.
3 The guidance is aimed at all managers and supervisors working in the
sawmilling industry. It was produced in close consultation with the industry and
focuses on issues and problems that are specific to sawmilling. For coverage of
more general health and safety issues that apply to woodworking premises as a
whole you should consult HSE’s woodworking webpages at www.hse.gov.uk/
woodworking/index.htm and other topic-specific pages on HSE’s main website,
for example:
Asthma
www.hse.gov.uk/asthma/index.htm
Falls from height
www.hse.gov.uk/falls/index.htm
Fire and explosion
www.hse.gov.uk/fireandexplosion/index.htm
First aid at work
www.hse.gov.uk/firstaid/index.htm
Preventing slips and trips
www.hse.gov.uk/slips/index.htm
Stress
www.hse.gov.uk/stress/index.htm
Temperature
www.hse.gov.uk/temperature/index.htm
4 Other webpages covering topics such as noise etc are given in the relevant
sections of the guidance.
5
Some useful addresses are included in ‘Further information’.
Health and safety in sawmilling
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